Beryllium

Atomic number

4

Atomic mass (u)

9.012183

Category

Alkaline earth metal

Standard state

Solid

Melting point

1286.85 °C (1560 K)

Boiling point

2470.85 °C (2744 K)

Density (g/cm³)

1.85

Electronegativity (Pauling)

1.57

Electron configuration

[He]2s2

Oxidation states

+2

Atomic radius (pm)

153

First ionization energy (eV)

9.323

Discovery & recognition

Discovery year / period (PubChem)

1798

Discovery credited to (RSC)

Nicholas Louis Vauquelin

Date or period recorded by RSC

1797

Discovery place

France (identification); Berlin and Paris (independent metal isolation)

An ancient date does not identify a first human discovery. Different references may date observation, isolation and formal recognition differently.

Natural occurrence & production

The creation of an element’s nuclei and its concentration into terrestrial deposits are different processes. The occurrence note below concerns its presence or production on Earth; it is not a complete account of nucleosynthesis.

“Beryllium is found in about 30 different mineral species.”

Royal Society of Chemistry · occurrence excerpt ↗

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Reference values are not product specifications. Blank values have not been estimated. For superheavy elements, some properties and family assignments are theoretical or incompletely measured.