Europium

Atomic number

63

Atomic mass (u)

151.964

Category

Lanthanide

Standard state

Solid

Melting point

821.85 °C (1095 K)

Boiling point

1528.85 °C (1802 K)

Density (g/cm³)

5.24

Electronegativity (Pauling)

Not reported in this source

Electron configuration

[Xe]6s2 4f7

Oxidation states

+3, +2

Atomic radius (pm)

233

First ionization energy (eV)

5.670

Discovery & recognition

Discovery year / period (PubChem)

1901

Discovery credited to (RSC)

Eugène-Anatole Demarçay

Date or period recorded by RSC

1901

Discovery place

Not supplied in the structured record; see the RSC history source.

An ancient date does not identify a first human discovery. Different references may date observation, isolation and formal recognition differently.

Natural occurrence & production

The creation of an element’s nuclei and its concentration into terrestrial deposits are different processes. The occurrence note below concerns its presence or production on Earth; it is not a complete account of nucleosynthesis.

“In common with other lanthanides, europium is mainly found in the minerals monazite and bastnaesite.”

Royal Society of Chemistry · occurrence excerpt ↗

Continue the research

Reference values are not product specifications. Blank values have not been estimated. For superheavy elements, some properties and family assignments are theoretical or incompletely measured.