Nitrogen

Atomic number

7

Atomic mass (u)

14.007

Category

Nonmetal

Standard state

Gas

Melting point

-210 °C (63.15 K)

Boiling point

-195.79 °C (77.36 K)

Density (g/cm³)

0.0012506

Electronegativity (Pauling)

3.04

Electron configuration

[He] 2s2 2p3

Oxidation states

+5, +4, +3, +2, +1, -1, -2, -3

Atomic radius (pm)

155

First ionization energy (eV)

14.534

Discovery & recognition

Discovery year / period (PubChem)

1772

Discovery credited to (RSC)

Daniel Rutherford

Date or period recorded by RSC

1772

Discovery place

Not supplied in the structured record; see the RSC history source.

An ancient date does not identify a first human discovery. Different references may date observation, isolation and formal recognition differently.

Natural occurrence & production

The creation of an element’s nuclei and its concentration into terrestrial deposits are different processes. The occurrence note below concerns its presence or production on Earth; it is not a complete account of nucleosynthesis.

“Nitrogen makes up 78% of the air, by volume.”

Royal Society of Chemistry · occurrence excerpt ↗

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Reference values are not product specifications. Blank values have not been estimated. For superheavy elements, some properties and family assignments are theoretical or incompletely measured.