Rhodium

Atomic number

45

Atomic mass (u)

102.9055

Category

Transition metal

Standard state

Solid

Melting point

1963.85 °C (2237 K)

Boiling point

3694.85 °C (3968 K)

Density (g/cm³)

12.4

Electronegativity (Pauling)

2.28

Electron configuration

[Kr]5s1 4d8

Oxidation states

+3

Atomic radius (pm)

195

First ionization energy (eV)

7.459

Discovery & recognition

Discovery year / period (PubChem)

1803

Discovery credited to (RSC)

William Hyde Wollaston

Date or period recorded by RSC

1803

Discovery place

Not supplied in the structured record; see the RSC history source.

An ancient date does not identify a first human discovery. Different references may date observation, isolation and formal recognition differently.

Natural occurrence & production

The creation of an element’s nuclei and its concentration into terrestrial deposits are different processes. The occurrence note below concerns its presence or production on Earth; it is not a complete account of nucleosynthesis.

“Rhodium is the rarest of all non-radioactive metals.”

Royal Society of Chemistry · occurrence excerpt ↗

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Reference values are not product specifications. Blank values have not been estimated. For superheavy elements, some properties and family assignments are theoretical or incompletely measured.