Sodium

Atomic number

11

Atomic mass (u)

22.9897693

Category

Alkali metal

Standard state

Solid

Melting point

97.8 °C (370.95 K)

Boiling point

882.85 °C (1156 K)

Density (g/cm³)

0.97

Electronegativity (Pauling)

0.93

Electron configuration

[Ne]3s1

Oxidation states

+1

Atomic radius (pm)

227

First ionization energy (eV)

5.139

Discovery & recognition

Discovery year / period (PubChem)

1807

Discovery credited to (RSC)

Humphry Davy

Date or period recorded by RSC

1807

Discovery place

Royal Institution, London, United Kingdom

An ancient date does not identify a first human discovery. Different references may date observation, isolation and formal recognition differently.

Natural occurrence & production

The creation of an element’s nuclei and its concentration into terrestrial deposits are different processes. The occurrence note below concerns its presence or production on Earth; it is not a complete account of nucleosynthesis.

“Sodium is the sixth most common element on Earth, and makes up 2.6% of the Earth’s crust.”

Royal Society of Chemistry · occurrence excerpt ↗

Continue the research

Reference values are not product specifications. Blank values have not been estimated. For superheavy elements, some properties and family assignments are theoretical or incompletely measured.