Cobalt

Atomic number

27

Atomic mass (u)

58.93319

Category

Transition metal

Standard state

Solid

Melting point

1494.85 °C (1768 K)

Boiling point

2926.85 °C (3200 K)

Density (g/cm³)

8.86

Electronegativity (Pauling)

1.88

Electron configuration

[Ar]4s2 3d7

Oxidation states

+3, +2

Atomic radius (pm)

192

First ionization energy (eV)

7.881

Discovery & recognition

Discovery year / period (PubChem)

1735

Discovery credited to (RSC)

Georg Brandt

Date or period recorded by RSC

1739

Discovery place

Stockholm, Sweden

An ancient date does not identify a first human discovery. Different references may date observation, isolation and formal recognition differently.

Natural occurrence & production

The creation of an element’s nuclei and its concentration into terrestrial deposits are different processes. The occurrence note below concerns its presence or production on Earth; it is not a complete account of nucleosynthesis.

“Cobalt is found in the minerals cobaltite, skutterudite and erythrite.”

Royal Society of Chemistry · occurrence excerpt ↗

Continue the research

Reference values are not product specifications. Blank values have not been estimated. For superheavy elements, some properties and family assignments are theoretical or incompletely measured.